Understanding Merkel Cell Carcinoma: A Guide for Patients

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare but highly aggressive skin cancer with about 2,000 new cases each year. It often affects older adults, especially fair-skinned males, and is linked to polyomavirus infection, UV exposure, weakened immunity, or prior skin cancers. MCC usually appears as a fast-growing, firm, red or violet lump that may look like a cyst or insect bite, and it can spread quickly to lymph nodes and organs if not detected early. Diagnosis involves skin biopsy, lymph node evaluation, and sometimes imaging. Treatment typically includes surgical removal through wide excision or Mohs surgery, sometimes combined with lymph node dissection, radiation, chemotherapy, or immunotherapy. Because MCC frequently recurs, regular follow-up care and sun protection are essential for long-term health.

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