The Importance of Epidemiological Research on Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer (NMSC)

Epidemiological research studies how diseases occur and affect different groups of people. For non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC)—which includes basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and rare tumors like dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP)—this research is essential for identifying risk factors, disparities, and outcomes across populations.

Key findings show that lighter-skinned individuals are more prone to sun-related BCC and SCC, while people with skin of color are more likely to develop cancers in areas of chronic scarring or inflammation. For example, SCC in scars may spread more aggressively (20–40% risk), compared to only 1–4% in sun-induced SCC among Caucasians. DFSP, though rare, makes up about 10% of skin cancers in African Americans and is more likely to appear in pigmented forms such as Bednar tumors.

Other factors influencing outcomes include socioeconomic status, access to care, and education, which affect early detection and treatment. By identifying these disparities, epidemiological research helps doctors design better prevention programs, promote early diagnosis, and ensure equitable treatment for all patients.

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