Understanding Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC): A Guide for Patients

Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) is the second most common type of skin cancer, developing in the flat squamous cells that make up the top layer of the skin. It most often occurs in sun-exposed areas like the head, neck, and arms. SCC can look like a rough, scaly patch, a crusted bump, or a sore that doesn’t heal.

Risk factors include long-term UV exposure, fair skin that burns easily, older age, a weakened immune system, non-healing wounds, and certain genetic conditions. Diagnosis is made by biopsy, sometimes followed by staging tests if the cancer looks more aggressive.

Treatment options include:

• Surgical excision or Mohs micrographic surgery, which removes cancer while sparing healthy skin.

• Radiation therapy, especially for patients who cannot have surgery.

• Other treatments for shallow or early lesions, such as cryotherapy (freezing), electrodessication (burning), topical creams that boost immune response, or photodynamic therapy (light treatment).

Follow-up care is essential, as people with one SCC are at higher risk of developing more skin cancers. Regular skin exams (at least yearly), self-skin checks, and strong sun protection (SPF 30+, protective clothing, avoiding peak UV hours) are key to prevention.

Caught early, SCC is highly treatable, with excellent outcomes.

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